Regional Consistency Evaluation of Astronomical Observing Conditions Across the Dome A Region

With the excellent seeing conditions, ultra-low infrared background noise, high frequency of space debris transits, and continuous polar night coverage, Dome A in Antarctica has become an ideal platform for ground-based astronomy and space situational monitoring. As a crucial observatory site for China's deep space, deep Earth, deep sea, and polar exploration, assessing the effective range of the Dome A site is of great importance. However, due to extreme environmental constraints, the site's performance is mainly based on single-point measurements, making it challenging to evaluate the effective site range and uniformity comprehensively. This study integrates satellite remote sensing data to develop a cross-comparison framework for diverse indicators across various ranges of the Dome A site, rigorously evaluating its spatial uniformity. The study reveals that excellent astronomical observation conditions persist across the 1°×1° geographic region surrounding the current Dome A location.